Gangte pau dinmun – III

Gângte pâu dinmun ka muhdân

S.Benjamin

Lawmkhen masapen (Part – 1) akhan Pâu-le-hâm lampang suimi Michael E. Kraussin khawvela Pâu (language) um cheng hih anuoi a dinmun khat penpen a hih ding ahi atih thu ina gen ua:-

i. Kum 100 tieng chapang hung khanglien zel hâw’n ahun mat zawm zel dinguh kinep a um leh zie pâu chuh ‘bit’ (safe) a ngaih ahi.
ii. Kum 100 sung khangthak in ahun thawh zawm takloh ding u a muonmawh a um leh zie pâu chuh a thikuon (moribund) a ngaih ahi.
iii. Apâu thawh um tâkloh leh zie pâu chuh a thi (dead) ahi.
iv. Apâu he a um tâkloh leh zie pâu chuh a mangthâi (extinct) ahi.

Gângte pâu dinmun I khuolchil masang un, pâu chungchâng a thil umdân neukhat vak en hitiu. Pâu hih athawh a tâwm ziek mâwngâ dinmun lauhthâwn um ahi khelkhel puoi. Pâu khenkhat chuh apâu thawhlâi tâwmchâ himahleh khangthak in a hun ziltoh zel ziek ua bit le a um hi. (Andaman mi 100 vel choh in a pâu uh phataka a thawh ua, a châteu a sinsak phat ziekun, a pâu uchuh a bit a ngaih ahi).

Alehlam takah, pâu hih athawh atam ziek mai a ‘bit’ ngeingei le ahi chuom diek puoi. Pâu khenkhat chuh athawh lâi tampi (mi asing a sim in amat uh) hinapi a, khangthak lamin azil zawm takloh ziek ua thi thei ding dinmun a um a um hi. (etsaknâ’n, Indonesia a pâu khenkhat thawh chuh mi sângsâwm a sim a hiu a, hilele, a khangthak lamin pâu dang ahun zil / thawh ziek un, a pâu mat u chuh dinmun lauhthawng um a ngaih ahi).

Zieziekchun, I pâu bitna ding leh manthâina ding chuh I namsung a mitam leh mitâwm a kinga ahi puoi tih hechien masa leuhing I pau dinmun uh suichiet baihlam dingin ka gingchai. Pâu bitna ding chuna pâu thawhte lakâ athiem atam a ngâi a, zie chuh khangthakte’n a hun ziltoh uh a ngâi a, hun ziltohna ding ziek phatak angai hi.

Tu dinmun zieng ahin chuh I nam sunga 100 laka 90 vâl lam hin Gângte pâu hih pâu bulpen (primary language) in I mang nalâi uh hileh a kilâwm a, zieziek tak hin I pâu uhih ‘bit’ dân a ngaihna khat le I nei him uh hileh a kilâwm hi.

Ahin, tunung kum 100 tieng dinmun vak ngaihtuoh in I pâu hih a ‘bit’ lakah atel em, a ‘thikuon’ laka simtel ahi khadem tih ka ngaihtuoh leh lauhthâwnum ka salo thei puoi. Kum 100 chana I suonteu in Gângte pâu athawh na ding u chun, Gângte pâu thiem I um uh a ngâi a, chuleh, a thiemte a kipata chapang in a zilsâwn theih uh a ngâi hi, khangthakte dinga zil utna ding ziek le angai hi. Khutibang dinmun chuh chang lothei ihihna ziek u a ka het khenkhat ana ngaihtuoh khawm hitiu:

Malai leh tulai hun kibanglo: Nam mawl tak ana hileu hingle, tunitienga nam pau khat nei leh thawh a I umtheihna ziek uhih malai a ei suontute khawsakdan, chawndan leh lunggeldan ziek ahi. Gen khel ngailo khawpin malai leh tulai hih lamchengah a kibang puoi tih chuh a kichien mahmah hi. Amahvang, pau kipieksawn nalam ahin I nam a dingin a kihahkhiek diek in ka hei. Aziek haw chuh:

(a) Chendan: A gam gam a kitawlte (ginchak dan a China gam apat Burma, Mizoram leh Manipur gamkaih a hun pem to) ana hileu le, a pemna cheng u ah ana chengkhawm dieldiel ua, namdang tawh kihel tam lo te ana hih ziek un pau khat thawh in ana chingtup ui. Tulai khang ahin chuh I nawpthu le hitalo in namkhat tih takloh inkuon khat le I cheng thang u a, chapang hung khanglien te leh a pi-le-pu teu / thingtanga chengte kikala pauleh ngai hiel le I um leuhleuh tau hi. Chuleh, khawvel khantoh dungzui leh, nam khat le khat kala chamna len ziek leh nekhawlna chuomchuom ziekin I gam luohsung le akizauhlien a, namdang pau thiem pawimawh mai hiloin pauchuom thawhte tawh chenhel le ahung ngai ta ahi. Namdang laka chen chuh khantohna leh ei gam / khuo a namdang laklut chuh lungpigelna ahi tai. Zie haw hih thildang chengah apha suokkei a, nam pau kipieksawnna thil a vang ei sukawlawktu khat in ahung pang hi.

(b) Chawndan: Nampi chawndan leh khuotang kivaipuokdan ah pau le ham bitna theih tampi ana um hi. Sietni-phatni a thugen-lasakna haw apat pauchik leh gendan kilawm tampi akipiesawn sek ui. Modawnna, lusunna thugen leh kut khenkhat a thusim, thului sutna haw apatin pau namthak, zahna pau matdan etc tampi ziltheih ana um dingin ka gingchai. Zie tawbang kumhei leh sietni-phatni haw ahin milunghelthei haw’n gam ngaihla, mithi ngaihla leh la lenglawng aphuok ua, lapau tampi ana humbit sek ui. Zie haw bana chun, Khanglai chengin sun leh lo nasem dingin lawmpi / lawmcha azui ua, sun nitum in a kipawl ua, zan leh tangval lam sawmgiek in a um kit u a, ngaihdan genkhawm leh kihomat tuoh zingin a um ui. Nupi-upate’n zubuk, zusim leh kikhawlailen tuoh in hun amang khawm sek ui. Naupang te tuikhai, ki-kangkap in, tanglak haw thangkam leh thingkhuohkhap / thing puo’n akitawn ua, nitak leh teksiete apat thusim ngaiin a kisukhawm sek ui. Khutia a kipawlkhawmnau haw akipat chun pau matdan, paumal leh thing-le-guo, ganhing leh gancha min haw akipiesawn thei uh ahi. Tulai in sietni-phatni tihloh in upa, kuomahpen in kipawlkhawmna hun ding a nei tam ta puou hi. Upa lam kimuhkhawmna chuh bang meeting ahim poh ahi mai a, khanglai lam le mawhpuokna chuom chiet nei in, naupang lam lehkhasim pawimawh ahiu a, nupi khenkhat tihloh mawkvakviel man ding I tam ta puou hi.

Gângte pâu thiem tam talo: Gângte pâu thiem ding chun Gângte pâumal (vocabulary), pâu-nâk (proverb), pâu-upa, la-pâu, thil min (thing leh guo, zu-le-vâ, ganhing leh gancha min), thusim he tam, dâwnkhân he leh grammar thiem hiding ahi. Zie tienga Gângte pâu thiem hi chuh mi upa lam, kum 50 apat kum 60 chunglam, hitângpi ta dingin ka gingchâi. Kum 50 nuoilam mi, Gângte pâu thiem tak hi chuh mi tamin a kilang puoi. Zie umzie chuh khanglâi hâw tawh kithuoh tam / kipâwl tam deuh hâw lakah I pâu zilna theih ding a tam tapuoi tihna ahi. (Khanglâi laka teksie ngâina a va kipâwlpih mi I tam puoh ngâl ua). Zie tawbang a thiemna nei haw hin khangthak lam ei zilsak malam loh u chun amau haw umloh nung leh zil nuom leuhing le zilna ding hung umlo pai ding ahi tihna ahi. Malâi guola nitâka upate âpata thusim-lasim kigen ngaihthâkna hun / mun ahim, a holimna vântâng ua pâu-le-hâm chungchâng genkhâwmna a tâwm tâk ziekin, upa lamte hetna hih khangthakte kâwma pieksâwn ahi ta puo a, tulai pau takin I pau zilna lam thilah ‘generation gap’ a um tai.

Chapangte â dinga pâu zilna ding umlo: Malâi guolâ kampâu a kihilhsâwnna (oral tradition) haw la I haihsan tâu a, tulâi dân a lehkhabu a ipau zilna ding / simdawk ding la I neihloh ziekun khangthakte a dingin Gângte pâu thiemna ding chuh umlo ahi tâi. Zie behlap chun lapâu ziltheihna ding I neihsun uh Labu hâw ale a lapâu cheng khawlâipâu in I thengsuok kei nalâi set uâ (I labu sung ua lapâu telna sun chuh – “Âw, nuoi simlei tuol I lenna” leh “Ka gâlkângthal chuh kawih puong ie” – tih hâw khel hih adang um beklo in ka hei). Pâu-upâ leh pâunâk hâw chula zâk ding um talo. Phâigam a cheng haw ding vângin thing-le-guo, zu-le-vâ, ganhing leh ganchâ min hâw het malak a, amuh khakloh uh tamzâw ta. Zie hâw ziek hin chapangte’n Gângte pâu a thawh nâu hi tia kithanep mai theih hita dingin ka gingcha puoi.

Chenna mun in a zil takloh ziek, chawndan kitheng leh ngaihsan zawng a chuom tak ziek haw hin khangthakte kawma I pau uh pieksawnna lamah I bahsam tau hi tih chuh a kichien mahmah hi.Zie haw cheng zieka mun-awng sukdimna ding chun lampi danga panlak thak a ngai hi tihna le ahi.

Gângte pâu kimang diklo tam: Tulâi a Gângte pâu kithawh vântâng hih Gângte pâu um cheng lakâ percent bangzât ahi dem tih hih gen haksa ding ahi a. Ahin, vak ngaihtuoh zieng dân in chuh 100 laka 50-60 khel hilo mai thei ahi. Achunga kizik guolin, pâu-upâ, pâunâk, lapâu, thilmin etc hâw hih a kihe tâwm ta mahmah hi. Zie bâna chun thumal dang himhim hile tampi mangthâi mai thei dinmun hi’n ka hei. Etsaknâ’n, tulâi chapang hâw hin‘tui hâwp’, ‘chip’ leh ‘dâwn’ chuh ‘dâwn’ hin a huop sak vek uâ, ‘thil kie’, ‘chim’,‘puk’, ‘pulh’ etc chuh a ‘kie’ ahi vek tâi. ‘Pieng’, ‘suok’ leh ‘keu’ tih bang hih ‘suok’ in ahuopsak vek tâu hi. Nâupang mai ahi die, piting inle thil ‘zuok’ leh ‘khâwng’ tih umzie I hekhen ta puou hila, eg. ‘Ka vawkpi sângsagih in ka zuok hi’ tileng, mitampi chun sângsagih hih muta guola ei ngâi ding ahiu â, hilele ka vawkpi chuh ka khawt phât choh leh sum mu ding ka hi. ‘Zuok’ chuh mi’n achâwk mâ ahi a, mi’n a châwk takleh ‘khâwng’ tih ding ahi. Gângte pâu kimang diklo, a diekin verb kimangkhiel hih zie mun ahin zikdawk zawhsen le hipuon a (Gângte pâu verb chungchâng kiziknâ sim dingin CLICK ah).

Gângte pâu dinmun: Nam tâwm te chapang hung khanglien laka I pâu thiemlo huntieng hung um nalai chun I pâu humbitna lamah niemkiekna nasatak atut thei hi. Zie mai chu hilo in, tulâi khanglâi khenkhat laka hin ei pâu hetloh chuh chângkânna a ngâi hileh kilâwm hiela pâu dang ngâina / ngaisang I tam tâu hi. Zie mai chuh ahi die, lawiupa kisa khenkhat nasan tiengin changkan zawkna a ngaiin, nam lienzawte pau zil ding ngaikhawk mahmah pawl le a um tau hi. Officer leh lawiupa deuh a kingai, a insunga paudang mang a tam tau hilo? Naupang tamzaw’n Gangte pau hih hetthiem theih hâmhâm a, pâu dang tawh kihel leh diklo taka thawh atamtak maizen tawh, pauthak khat I hun zil behlap naklai uchun bang I hung suok phet dingum ka he puoi. Pau chuh atam theipen thiem guoi tiu, pau chi sawm asim le thiemkhawm theih ahi mahmah hi. Amahvang, ei pau thasanga paudang matguot chuh eimah kikhaihlupna ding khauhuol hek tawbang hi’n ka hei.

Gangte pau hih I gam a thiemzilna hung lut ma tiengin ana bit in, ana khangto zel a, thiemzilna I hun neih ua, pau changkangzaw English, Hindi etc haw ihun tuokkhak phet u a hih niemkiek kipan ahi. Achunglam a I gen tak uh a ziekdang tampi tawh kibehlap in. Zanuom in zadah leuhing, tununga I pau ahung manthai khakna a um chun tuhun hih asiet kipatna ahi chien kei hi ka ti ngam hi. Thiemzilna neilo hielte’n tunitienga ei pieksawn theih uh I nam khuompi hih thiemna I neih nung ua humbit zolo ihih ding ziekun.Zie haw cheng ziek hin a chunga pau dinmun kigen hâw laka khun Gângte pâu hih bulhna nei ding hileu hing, Gângte pâu thawh I um nâklâi ziek uhin, I pâu uhih a thi puo a, a mangthâi puoi tih chuh akichien hi. Zie umzie chuh I pâu uhih a ‘bit’ ahim, a ‘thikuon’ ahim khat zâwzâw chuh hiding ahi tihna ahi.I namsunga pawlpi, khuosung leh inkuon haw apat a pau ngaihkhawkna a kilat loh dan a kipat hin khangthakte laka ei pau thiem atam loh uhih akilawm mawng ahi tih theih khawp ahi.I nampau humbitna ding leh sukkhantohna dingin bangmah panlakna a kimu puoi tileng khiel tam puona. Dan khatto hileh I pau ngaihnat mahmah uhih a thikuon ana hi’ntin, uphawk kihuon guola, ithihna ding ahihlam helo hiela hih akikhel chana muongtaka I um heuhheuh khak ding uhih lauthawnum ka sai. (Uphawk hih tuilumsa a ikhum leh achawmdawk zieng hin, tuidap ah I kawih hin, awla ihuon leh athih chan in a chawpdawk guo puoi akitii). Tunung kum 100 tiengâ Gângte pâu thawh ahihna dingin mimal, inkuon, pawlchuomchuom leh nampi apat pan lakthak a ngai takzet hi tih hih ka ngaihdan ahi.

Aban sutzawp ding